{
  "slug": "east-hampton-bell-industry",
  "title": "East Hampton: inside the bell shops",
  "towns": [
    "East Hampton"
  ],
  "counties": [
    "Middlesex"
  ],
  "dateRange": "1850–1999",
  "topic": "Industry & working life",
  "summary": "Foundry pits, molten brass and hand work in the town known for its bells.",
  "history": [
    {
      "heading": "An industry already established by 1850",
      "text": "Bell manufacturing grew from early-nineteenth-century beginnings into East Hampton’s defining industry. The town’s history identifies the Bevin company among the manufacturers behind its Belltown identity. Knowledge of working brass also supported the manufacture of other metal products, so the industrial story reaches beyond a single kind of bell.",
      "source_ids": [
        "town",
        "bevin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "heading": "Railroads, power and changing markets",
      "text": "During the industrial period from 1850 to 1930, improved rail connections helped move products and materials, while electricity offered another source of power. Wartime demand aided local manufacturing. The Depression sharply reduced bell sales, and firms responded by making a broader range of products. The town’s industrial buildings record these changing uses.",
      "source_ids": [
        "town"
      ]
    },
    {
      "heading": "Work documented in 1979",
      "text": "Jet Lowe’s 1979 Historic American Engineering Record photographs take the viewer inside the Bevin shops. They follow the handling of molten brass, casting molds, cooling crucibles and finished bells. These images are records of skilled labor and equipment in use, allowing close comparison between a work space, a process and its product.",
      "source_ids": [
        "haer"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "timeline": [
    {
      "date": "1850–1930",
      "event": "Bell and metal manufacturing flourishes with rail and electrical improvements.",
      "source_ids": [
        "town"
      ]
    },
    {
      "date": "1930s",
      "event": "Falling bell sales encourage diversification.",
      "source_ids": [
        "town"
      ]
    },
    {
      "date": "1979",
      "event": "Jet Lowe photographs the Bevin workshops for HAER.",
      "source_ids": [
        "haer"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "town",
      "title": "East Hampton — 2016 Plan of Conservation and Development",
      "url": "https://www.easthamptonct.gov/DocumentCenter/View/748/2016-POCD-final-PDF"
    },
    {
      "id": "bevin",
      "title": "Bevin Bros. Manufacturing — Our History",
      "url": "https://bevinbrosmfg.com/history/"
    },
    {
      "id": "haer",
      "title": "Library of Congress — Bevin Brothers Bell Shops",
      "url": "https://www.loc.gov/item/ct0320/"
    }
  ],
  "images": [
    {
      "id": "4a3bfe1c25b6b6dce191",
      "image": "/county-images/1b21e2eb43c9e78ae7ada23e8864e69120e49cd29f99a139a70f0b379f3c9748.jpg",
      "title": "DETAIL VIEW OF FOUNDRY PITS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "alt": "DETAIL VIEW OF FOUNDRY PITS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "date": "1979",
      "credit": "Jet Lowe / Historic American Buildings Survey–Historic American Engineering Record, Library of Congress",
      "creator": "Jet Lowe",
      "source": "https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ct0320.photos.023667p/",
      "rights": "No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted.",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "licenseUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html",
      "kind": "photograph",
      "later": false,
      "originalCaption": "DETAIL VIEW OF FOUNDRY PITS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "originalImage": "https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/habshaer/ct/ct0300/ct0320/photos/023667pv.jpg"
    },
    {
      "id": "a160c0d1ab089d15755d",
      "image": "/county-images/4cb1aa43509fe178d1acd6477678ce57f5d468248380e71964fcf6f319b3c689.jpg",
      "title": "DETAIL VIEW OF FURNACE AND FOUNDRY PITS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "alt": "DETAIL VIEW OF FURNACE AND FOUNDRY PITS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "date": "1979",
      "credit": "Jet Lowe / Historic American Buildings Survey–Historic American Engineering Record, Library of Congress",
      "creator": "Jet Lowe",
      "source": "https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ct0320.photos.023666p/",
      "rights": "No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted.",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "licenseUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html",
      "kind": "photograph",
      "later": false,
      "originalCaption": "DETAIL VIEW OF FURNACE AND FOUNDRY PITS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "originalImage": "https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/habshaer/ct/ct0300/ct0320/photos/023666pv.jpg"
    },
    {
      "id": "7c686dc4162c9e51667a",
      "image": "/county-images/aad8608d464257b8b1e870739f01fc6ddacd1a1c5e48b86cb2cf5484a722cf7d.jpg",
      "title": "DETAIL VIEW OF HAND CAST BRASS BELLS AND KNOCKERS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "alt": "DETAIL VIEW OF HAND CAST BRASS BELLS AND KNOCKERS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "date": "1979",
      "credit": "Jet Lowe / Historic American Buildings Survey–Historic American Engineering Record, Library of Congress",
      "creator": "Jet Lowe",
      "source": "https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ct0320.photos.023674p/",
      "rights": "No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted.",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "licenseUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html",
      "kind": "photograph",
      "later": false,
      "originalCaption": "DETAIL VIEW OF HAND CAST BRASS BELLS AND KNOCKERS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "originalImage": "https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/habshaer/ct/ct0300/ct0320/photos/023674pv.jpg"
    },
    {
      "id": "c1950434e03cd1d41370",
      "image": "/county-images/309346f988c5d1acd57d9827eae972620df075b89a1319ec5ca85c424da1279c.jpg",
      "title": "DETAIL VIEW OF PIT FURNACE - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "alt": "DETAIL VIEW OF PIT FURNACE - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "date": "1979",
      "credit": "Jet Lowe / Historic American Buildings Survey–Historic American Engineering Record, Library of Congress",
      "creator": "Jet Lowe",
      "source": "https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ct0320.photos.023665p/",
      "rights": "No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted.",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "licenseUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html",
      "kind": "photograph",
      "later": false,
      "originalCaption": "DETAIL VIEW OF PIT FURNACE - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "originalImage": "https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/habshaer/ct/ct0300/ct0320/photos/023665pv.jpg"
    },
    {
      "id": "0cb355ae43476c503f44",
      "image": "/county-images/c095c8d3044890418b28c83eb1b7ff9d8572b05cfa481d1ca058b179c687ec04.jpg",
      "title": "DETAIL VIEW OF WORKBENCH - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "alt": "DETAIL VIEW OF WORKBENCH - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "date": "1979",
      "credit": "Jet Lowe / Historic American Buildings Survey–Historic American Engineering Record, Library of Congress",
      "creator": "Jet Lowe",
      "source": "https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ct0320.photos.023664p/",
      "rights": "No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted.",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "licenseUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html",
      "kind": "photograph",
      "later": false,
      "originalCaption": "DETAIL VIEW OF WORKBENCH - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "originalImage": "https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/habshaer/ct/ct0300/ct0320/photos/023664pv.jpg"
    },
    {
      "id": "ebb7d9c36e28a81a8b14",
      "image": "/county-images/b14f9c3f488bdd38218ad7211ab71a487f66435b07e02a0dbbd5b2608bcd0310.jpg",
      "title": "GENERAL INTERIOR VIEW TOWARD PIT FURNACE - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "alt": "GENERAL INTERIOR VIEW TOWARD PIT FURNACE - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "date": "1979",
      "credit": "Jet Lowe / Historic American Buildings Survey–Historic American Engineering Record, Library of Congress",
      "creator": "Jet Lowe",
      "source": "https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ct0320.photos.023662p/",
      "rights": "No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted.",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "licenseUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html",
      "kind": "photograph",
      "later": false,
      "originalCaption": "GENERAL INTERIOR VIEW TOWARD PIT FURNACE - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "originalImage": "https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/habshaer/ct/ct0300/ct0320/photos/023662pv.jpg"
    },
    {
      "id": "eadf4c44e11c69a55e99",
      "image": "/county-images/9e23d5d9913116c520b3752a2c9febb2fccf2583a3e53a6ca53af6f0873cbd5b.jpg",
      "title": "GENERAL VIEW OF MOLTEN BRASS BEING POURED INTO BELL MOLDS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "alt": "GENERAL VIEW OF MOLTEN BRASS BEING POURED INTO BELL MOLDS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "date": "1979",
      "credit": "Jet Lowe / Historic American Buildings Survey–Historic American Engineering Record, Library of Congress",
      "creator": "Jet Lowe",
      "source": "https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ct0320.photos.023670p/",
      "rights": "No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted.",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "licenseUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html",
      "kind": "photograph",
      "later": false,
      "originalCaption": "GENERAL VIEW OF MOLTEN BRASS BEING POURED INTO BELL MOLDS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "originalImage": "https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/habshaer/ct/ct0300/ct0320/photos/023670pv.jpg"
    },
    {
      "id": "be3ae0c8fca9159ddc53",
      "image": "/county-images/5f7081ab42b7e019e2ff7a80976e14efdfec6eb04273b71c0e183c1cf9690654.jpg",
      "title": "VIEW OF COOLING BELL MOLDS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "alt": "VIEW OF COOLING BELL MOLDS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "date": "1979",
      "credit": "Jet Lowe / Historic American Buildings Survey–Historic American Engineering Record, Library of Congress",
      "creator": "Jet Lowe",
      "source": "https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ct0320.photos.023672p/",
      "rights": "No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted.",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "licenseUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html",
      "kind": "photograph",
      "later": false,
      "originalCaption": "VIEW OF COOLING BELL MOLDS - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "originalImage": "https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/habshaer/ct/ct0300/ct0320/photos/023672pv.jpg"
    },
    {
      "id": "141228d097f7a6a1b3bd",
      "image": "/county-images/653985563c9e77a1d5ec26a5b954ec796da0f13c392f8d4f266a327c14ea6112.jpg",
      "title": "VIEW OF COOLING CRUCIBLE - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "alt": "VIEW OF COOLING CRUCIBLE - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "date": "1979",
      "credit": "Jet Lowe / Historic American Buildings Survey–Historic American Engineering Record, Library of Congress",
      "creator": "Jet Lowe",
      "source": "https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ct0320.photos.023673p/",
      "rights": "No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted.",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "licenseUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html",
      "kind": "photograph",
      "later": false,
      "originalCaption": "VIEW OF COOLING CRUCIBLE - Bevin Brothers Bell Shops, Bevin Court, East Hampton, Middlesex County, CT",
      "originalImage": "https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/habshaer/ct/ct0300/ct0320/photos/023673pv.jpg"
    }
  ]
}